How IP Addresses Are Divided

How IP Addresses Are Divided

IP addresses (IPv4) are 32-bit binary numbers usually shown in dotted decimal format (e.g., 192.168.1.1). They're divided into two parts:

✅ Network Portion & Host Portion

• Network Portion: Identifies the network.

• Host Portion: Identifies the specific device on that network.

✅ Subnetting

• You can divide a large IP range into smaller subnets using a subnet mask.

• Example: 192.168.1.0/24 means 256 total addresses (254 usable for devices).

🔹 2. How IPs Are Assigned Automatically (DHCP)

Devices on a network can get IP addresses automatically using a DHCP server (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol).

🖥️ How DHCP Works (Step-by-Step):

1. Device connects to the network and sends a DHCP Discover message.

2. DHCP server responds with a DHCP Offer (includes an available IP address).

3. Device sends a DHCP Request to accept the offer.

4. DHCP server confirms with a DHCP Acknowledgment.

5. Device is now assigned an IP address for a limited lease time.

🛠️ DHCP Server Can Assign:

• IP address

• Subnet mask

• Default gateway

• DNS server(s)

🔸 Example Setup

In a small office network:

• The router or a dedicated server (e.g., Windows Server, Linux, pfSense) runs the DHCP service.

• It assigns IPs like 192.168.1.100 to 192.168.1.200 to devices automatically.

References:

https://certificationinformation.quora.com/Secrets-To-Pass-Microsoft-AZ-800-Exam-Successfully-And-Effectively
https://collaborate.asce.org/viewdocument/does-the-pdi-certification-evaluate
https://connectgalaxy.com/post/535348_conquer-the-asq-cqe-exam-a-test-of-skill-and-strategy-the-asq-certified-quality.html
https://www.mangago.me/home/album/571175/
http://www.arwen-undomiel.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=41&t=341465
https://git.forum.ircam.fr/ameliakerr989/microsoft-az-900-certification-your-gateway-to-cloud-computing/-/blob/master/README.md
https://www.muvizu.com/wiki/wiki/679
https://joinentre.com/feed/634b09a0-980b-8000-0435-fbcdf31a2240
http://www.arwen-undomiel.com/forum/viewtopic.php?f=41&t=341459

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